Mon 21 Sep 2009
Worship Wars: Bridging the Divide
Posted by Mathew Block under Main, Theological Musings, Worship
[2] Comments
In the past decades, there have been few issues which have so split the Church as has that of worship. Traditionalists call for fealty to the historic liturgy, arguing that the form which has served the Church for so long is intrinsically good in and of itself. Its theological strength, and likewise the theological strength of hymns, stands in opposition to the frequent shallowness of contemporary worship songwriting and service patterns. Proponents of contemporary worship counter that their musical genres better meet members of our culture where they are, without alienating people unnecessarily – something traditional worship can undoubtedly do. As a companion who once accompanied me to my home church’s worship service (traditional, of course) afterwards confided to me, “I honestly kept thinking I was in the Church of Thor, what with all the chanting and ‘thee’s and ‘thou’s.” He had been unable to get past the surface appearance of the service to the Gospel message underneath; to him, that particular setting of the divine service had seemed no more relevant than did Norse mythology.
Of course, both sides make important points. Traditionalists rightly point out that our worship should not be shallow. Contemporary worship advocates are equally correct in reminding us that worship must be understandable to its participants. If each group would be willing to just quiet its pride for a moment and listen to the other, perhaps the debate would cease to be so venomous. And perhaps a more constructive approach to the discussion would be taken, where the benefits and drawbacks of each side were honestly weighed and considered… where the positive aspects of both sides would be adopted and the negative aspects diminished.
Some worship songwriters are attempting to do just that. Here, I want to identify two camps and their “new” approaches to worship music writing in particular. The first I shall call ‘rewriters’; the second has already been called by others ‘new hymnody’ or ‘modern hymn writing’.
‘Rewriters’ are distinguished by their practice of “rewriting” hymns. They keep the words but tend to fashion new musical settings for hymns. As Indelible Grace Music puts it, the goal is “not change for change’s sake, but to rekindle a love of hymns and invite many who never associate rich passion with hymns to actually read the words.” If I might state it in linguistic terminology, the songwriters ‘translate’ the songs into musical styles whose emotional connotations are better comprehensible to people today – people for whom traditional music styles represent another ‘language’ with which they are not familiar. The practice is not in actuality new; the church has always rewritten the music of hymns in every era. Every era, that is, except the current one. Rewriters are bringing back this great tradition to the Church. One other praiseworthy note? Rewriters are bringing back incredible hymns that in some cases have completely fallen out of use in the Church. For an example of rewriting, see Matthew Smith’s new musical version of Josiah Conder’s 1836 hymn “My Lord I Did Not Choose You”.
‘New Hymnody’ or ‘Modern Hymn Writing’ has similar sympathies with rewriters – and it’s not surprising therefore to find artists who fit both categories. New hymnody is the approach of songwriters who are attempting to write completely new pieces which reflect the theological richness of traditional hymns while utilizing contemporary literary and musical styles. Perhaps the most famous proponent of this genre is Keith Getty. Maintaining that “what we sing becomes the grammar of our belief,” Getty strives to write contemporary worship music that teaches us about our faith as much as it allows us to express that faith. Consider, for example, the theological depth of “In Christ Alone,” written by Keith Getty and Stuart Townsend. What traditionalist would consider this song ‘shallow’?
In Christ alone my hope is found;
He is my light, my strength, my song;
This cornerstone, this solid ground,
Firm through the fiercest drought and storm.
What heights of love, what depths of peace,
When fears are stilled, when strivings cease!
My comforter, my all in all –
Here in the love of Christ I stand.
In Christ alone, Who took on flesh,
Fullness of God in helpless babe!
This gift of love and righteousness,
Scorned by the ones He came to save.
Till on that cross as Jesus died,
The wrath of God was satisfied;
For ev’ry sin on Him was laid –
Here in the death of Christ I live.
There in the ground His body lay,
Light of the world by darkness slain;
Then bursting forth in glorious day,
Up from the grave He rose again!
And as He stands in victory,
Sin’s curse has lost its grip on me;
For I am His and He is mine –
Bought with the precious blood of Christ.
No guilt in life, no fear in death –
This is the pow’r of Christ in me;
From life’s first cry to final breath,
Jesus commands my destiny.
No pow’r of hell, no scheme of man,
Can ever pluck me from His hand;
Till he returns or calls me home –
Here in the pow’r of Christ I’ll stand.
As we seek to create worship resources for the current era, perhaps we will consider the sterling examples of rewriters and modern hymn writers. Or, I suppose, we could just continue arguing from both sides of the worship debate – arguing how hymns are intrinsically better or contemporary songs intrinsically more relevant. For surely that will bring about the Church unity Christ desires.
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For more information on the songwriters referenced above, please visit the following websites:
Indelible Grace Music
Matthew Smith
Getty Music
Hi Matthew,
I would really appreciate the opportunity to discuss this with you, since I appreciate your zeal for the truth and polite manner of writing.
Having grown up singing and being taught the faith by means of Lutheran hymns, I have always been on the side of what some might call the “traditionalist” Lutherans who generally oppose revival-like styles of worship and the songs that accompany them. One of Walther’s reasons for rejecting Methodist hymnody was that the Lutheran Church did not need it (http://www.angelfire.com/ny4/djw/lutherantheology.walthermethodist.html); even an amazing hymn like “Jesus, Thy Blood and Righteousness,” which Walther knew by heart, was not sung in the LC-MS hymnals until an English edition included it with other non-Lutheran hymns.
But while I do not question Walther with regard to the actual doctrine (his hymnal is the best collection of German Lutheran hymns in existence), I do wonder how many Lutherans even in his day understood the old German. I asked my 4th semester Latin class today what “maketh” means. One conjectured, “Is it a past tense?” Another offered that it might be first person. I was frustrated that I actually had to teach seniors in college what it meant.
The old language simply will not do. We must write in our own language, not the language of a bygone era which no one speaks. This doesn’t mean that we should do away with all archaisms (David used them in his Psalms), but it does mean that we should follow Luther and Speratus and Gerhardt and write in the language of the people. I’ve been trying to do this and I think that Starke does a good job of remaining understandable, but even Franzmann couldn’t let it go.
In any case, I agree with your sentiments regarding modernizing language.
Where I am stuck, I suppose, is to what extent the culture represented by CCM should be resisted. I think I can divide it into a few parts. First, the music itself is for the most part simply “schmalzy.” A Christian rock singer describes for herself that this refers to the content as well (http://www.jennysimmons.com/2009/11/song-discussion.html} It often tries to be like secular music, but fails in this regard in a way which makes Hank from “King of the Hilll” say something like “you’re not making Christianity any better and you’re making rock and roll worse.” I’m not trying to be insulting, really not at all, when I say that I can hardly stomach most of the music for all its drama and shallow views of God and how we should approach Him and talk about Him. If it were on the radio I would turn the channel, although I’m listening to it more and more simply to be acquainted with it.
I know that I am not the only one who feels this way. This argument by itself is not worth much, but it is worth slightly more than the argument of taste brought up by those who enjoy this type of music, since the music that meets my taste has been the cradle of Lutheran doctrine for almost 500 years. The argument of taste has brought about absurdities, such as Rick Warren’s church having various services meeting the musical tastes of his visitors. The Church shouldn’t behave in this way. It should be united in the face of cultural divisions.
But the second part is the main point. The cultural problem is that people don’t sing anymore, at least not together with people. People want to listen to bands and soloists sing because that is the primary medium by which poetry is portrayed to people today. To what extent is this cultural phenomenon, brought about by technology and a focus on entertainment, contrary to Paul’s exhortation to us to teach each other with psalms, hymns and spiritual songs?
I have two reactions to this question, which do not give me an answer. First, we simply must admit that musicians learn the guitar and other instruments of modern music more often than they learn the organ, etc. This point is even more powerful when one sees how classical music has been thoroughly disconnected from popular society and is considered almost elitist and snobbish by the average rural Christian. We must find a way to have these hymns sung to a guitar, which is actually not that hard, considering that Luther’s hymns and many others do very well with that instrument.
My second reaction is that the singer should not be made into a “minister” of music by offering up prayers in the manner of the sectarians to “Father God, we just…,” but rather should work with the pastor to sing Lutheran hymns or at least Lutheran doctrine, like “In Christ Alone.” But with this assertion comes the objection that this would really destroy much of the appeal of Christian rock in a worship service, which has been popularized and so also formed in a non-liturgical setting; how often in Lutheran churches does the band hide the altar, which should be a focal point of the service?
What are we to do? I have never been to a Contemporary worship service that is more salutary than what the liturgy has to offer with regard to content. In fact it is most often far below the mark, and yet people do not want to sing it. Do we give up? Do we change it? What do we do?
And I suppose I have one more concern which embraces the above points: what exactly is OUR problem that we must go to the sectarians, who teach lies about God, to get our music and means to teach and admonish one another? I don’t mean to be insulting in this question, it is simply a real concern. I know that every now and then we get a presbyterian or baptist who writes “Lord, ‘Tis Not That I Did Choose Thee,” or “My Hope is Built on Nothing Else,” or “In Christ Alone,” but what does it say of us today that we cannot put together music and hymnody that is better than all that? What has happened to us and what is our problem? Doesn’t this show a spiritual dearth among us? God help us.
I know I just dumped a lot on you, but Matthew, if you could help me sort some of these questions out, I would be very appreciative. I’ll be ordained in the Spring and would like to be able to address this problem in the most loving and salutary way for my congregation.
Sincerely yours in Christ,
Mark
Hi Mark,
I just want to let you know that I haven’t forgotten about responding to this message. What you have written deserves careful consideration – consideration I am unavailable to give at current as the stress of semester end bears down on me. Expect a post sometime later in December or early January.
Blessings,
Mathew